The invention discloses an air cylinder shock absorber for light vehicles, which comprises an air tank, an air cylinder, an upper fixing plate, an upper axle half fixing plate, a lower axle half fixing plate, an air intake control check valve, an impact control check valve and an air path pipeline system. The cylinder shock absorber has the characteristics of novel structure, convenient use, comfort, safety and humanized design. Four pneumatic cylinder damping devices are installed on the front and rear axles of the vehicle. Each set of two pneumatic cylinders, piston rod and upper fixing plate, and chassis is fixed. When the vehicle is running under load, chassis and piston rod are synchronized, piston slides up and down in the pneumatic cylinder, so as to realize flexible vibration damping. The pipe rod M of the same cylinder body is arranged at the center of the cylinder bottom, and is connected with an air intake control check valve, and the side hole at the bottom of the cylinderis connected with an impact control check valve. The interactive control function of the two check valves effectively realizes the stable shock absorption of the vehicle running state. The invention is applicable to the application of the shock absorbing technology of the cylinder of the passenger transport vehicle, the ambulance, and the fragile instrument article transport vehicle.