The invention provides a capacity maximization transmission method oriented to user fairness in a wireless energy-carrying two-way relay network. The method comprises that the complete information transmission of a system is divided into first, second and third transmission phases, wherein the time proportions occupied by respective phases are [delta]1, [delta]2, and [delta]3 respectively; in thefirst transmission phase, a user node S sends a signal to a relay node R; in the second transmission phase, a user node D sends a signal to the relay node R; in the third transmission phase, a relay divides the each of the signals received from the two user nodes into two parts according to a ratio, one part of each signal enters an energy capture unit, and the other part of each signal enters a decoding unit; and the transmission rates of the S and D are adjusted by an optimized power division proportion and adaptation. The method can adapt to different fairness requirements, channel gain conditions and transmission time proportions to achieve fairness capacity utility maximization. Compared with the equal-proportion power division and the transmission rates of the S and D, the method cansignificantly improve the fairness capacity utility.