The invention discloses an electrically-controlled roller vibration damper with an improved inerter system. The electrically-controlled roller vibration damper comprises a base, a support stand, the inerter system and a spring-damper system, a damping tank is slidably connected with a middle portion of the support stand through a slideway, an inner support is slidably connected with the other endof the support stand through the slideway, a double-roller support frame is arranged at the top end of the inner support and comprises a support plate in a middle portion, side guiding plates in circumferential distribution and support pieces, contact rollers are symmetrically and rotationally mounted between external ends of the support pieces, the spring-damper system and the inerter system aresequentially mounted inside the damping tank. The electrically-controlled roller vibration damper has the advantages that by the aid of the spring-damper system, elastic force and continuously-adjustable damping are provided, and an elastic force parameter and a damping parameter are set respectively; by the aid of the inerter system, response effect to vibration acceleration is increased, good damping effect can be obtained, an analytical solution is easy to obtain, theoretical bases can be obtained for design parameters, direct friction is replaced by rotating of the symmetrical rollers, high reliability and stability are realized, operation cost is reduced, and complexity in a processing technology is lowered.