The invention discloses a radiographic inspection robot, comprising a traveling mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a rotating mechanism which are arranged sequentially from bottom to top, wherein thetraveling mechanism is used for enabling the radiographic inspection robot to move forward and back or make turns, the lifting mechanism is used for allowing an X-ray inspector to lift, and the rotating mechanism is used for allowing the X-ray inspector to horizontally rotate and vertically roll. The heavy works, such as ray transmitter position adjustment, are completed via the radiographic inspection robot, so that labor intensity is reduced greatly for inspection personnel. Radiographic inspection can be achieved by inspection personnel just by operating in an operating room without entering a radiographic inspection room or the operations such as manual adjustment of ray emitter position detection, so that inspection efficiency is greatly improved; with increase in the inspection efficiency, production efficiency is increased, and lost labor due to low detection efficiency is decreased. In addition, the radiographic inspection robot helps reduce personal injury to operators due toradiation.