The invention relates to a logging-while-drilling neutron He3 tube calibration test device and belongs to the field of logging tools. The device comprises a shielding device, as well as a neutron generating device and a supporting device which are located in the shielding device; at least one accommodating hole for accommodating a He3 tube to be tested is formed in the supporting device; and the neutron generating device is located above the supporting device. With the device provided by the embodiments of the invention adopted, the position of the He3 tube to be tested can be positioned, andthe consistency of test conditions is high.