The invention discloses a method and device for checking ultrasonic water immersion piezoelectric probe. The method comprises the steps of carrying out connection on a pulse generator and an externalresistor, and measuring an input current signal; separating the pulse generator and the external resistor, carrying out connection on the pulse generator and a probe, and measuring an output current signal flowing through the probe; obtaining an acoustic propagation function, acoustic radiation impedance, a resistance value of the external resistor and the resistance value of the pulse generator;and multiplying the output current signal by resistance value sum of the external resistor and the pulse generator to obtain a first product, carrying out multiplication on the input current signal, the acoustic propagation function and the acoustic radiation impedance to obtain a second product, dividing the second product by the first product and then solving a square root, thereby obtaining sensitivity of the probe. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the sensitivity of the probe can be measured only by measuring the current signal, a test process is simplified, andthe problem that impedance is mismatched in a conventional circuit is solved.