The invention discloses an energy storage monitoring operation system and a method. The system comprises a data receiving unit, a data buffer unit and a capability optimization unit. The data receiving unit is used for communicating with a plurality of distributed energy storage devices and receiving energy storage data of the plurality of distributed energy storage devices. The data buffer unit is used for storing the energy storage data received by the data receiving unit and preprocessing the energy storage data. The energy optimization unit is used for analyzing the energy storage data stored in the data buffer unit according to the preset application requirements and outputting the corresponding analysis results. The system and the method converge and uniformly process the spatio-temporal dispersed multi-element energy storage device data; analyzes and forecasts the data according to the preset demand, and generates the optimal operation strategy of energy storage resources. The invention solves the problem of low utilization rate of resources; the system and the method have strong adaptability, high reliability, high safety and convenient maintenance through layered design ofa network structure.