The invention relates to a magnetic levitation train speed and distance measuring system. The magnetic levitation train speed and distance measuring system comprises a plurality of induction proximityswitch sets arranged at the bottom of a train, speed and distance measuring control boxes arranged in train-mounted equipment cabinets at the activated end and the non-activated of the train, digitalservo acceleration sensors arranged at the bottoms of the speed and distance measuring control boxes for detecting the acceleration of the train, induction proximity switch detection objects, and speed and distance measuring control units arranged in the speed and distance measuring control boxes at the two ends of the train; and the speed and distance measuring control units are connected with the digital servo acceleration sensors and the induction proximity switch sets correspondingly, and metal sleepers parallelly distributed on a rail serve as the induction proximity switch detection objects. Compared with the prior art, the magnetic levitation train speed and distance measuring system has the advantages of low cost, accurate measuring, high environmental adaptability, small measuring error, high anti-jamming ability, high usability, reliability, safety and the like.