The invention discloses a data real-time analysis method and device of a water pipe network, wherein the method comprises the following steps of obtaining current flow data xi to be identified; determining whether the first difference of the xi and the last identified traffic data xi-1 is less than or equal to a preset threshold value, and if so, waiting for output; otherwise, determining whetherthe second difference of the next traffic data to be identified xi+1 and xi-1 is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, and if so, correct to wait for output; otherwise judging whether thethird difference of the xi and xi+1 is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, and if so, waiting to output; otherwise, detecting the change trends of the xi-1, xi and xi+1; if the trends satisfy the preset conditions, waiting to output, otherwise correcting and then waiting to output, and obtaining and outputting the analysis result after the cycle arrives. The method can quickly and accurately identify the abnormal situation of any water pipe network operation state through the real-time change law of flow, thus effectively improving the accuracy and real-time of data analysis, thus effectively ensuring the safety of water pipe network operation, and is simple and easy to achieve.