The invention provides a preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy bolts. The preparation method comprises the steps of alloy casting, continuous rolling of cast bars, bolt formation, bolt thermal treatment, bolt surface treatment and the like. By means of the preparation method, the high-strength aluminum alloy bolts with the tensile strength reaching 700 MPa or above and the shearing strength reaching 360 MPa or above can be prepared and can completely meet the connection requirement of high-strength aluminum alloy materials.