The invention provides an ultra-fast pulse laser-cold spraying surface processing method for a thin-wall structure. The method is mainly used for solving the surface defect problem of a metal thin-wall structure so as to achieve the rapid and high-quality repair. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a thin-wall structure defect surface model isconstructed based on a three-dimensional measurement reverse reconstruction technology; a process parameter database is built by combining with an artificial intelligence technology; the trajectory ofeach movement part is reasonably planned through a robot technology; the powder particle flow state is restrained through a powder charged device; and an ultra-short pulse laser technology is introduced into a cold spraying repair technology, and rapid repair on the surface of a metal thin-wall component is achieved. By applying the processing method, the problems of deformation and reduction onperformance of the aluminum alloy thin-wall structure caused by high heat input in a conventional laser cold spraying process can be solved, and meanwhile, the rapid surface repair with high process stability and high quality reliability can be realized.