The invention relates to a tunnel blasting structure, which is used for tunnels in hard rock areas and with buildings and structures adjacent to the periphery of the tunnels. The tunnel blasting structure comprises an up-down step short footage section, the up-down step short footage section includes an upper step and a lower step; the upper step includes a groove hole cutting area, a first auxiliary hole area annularly arranged on the periphery of the groove hole cutting area, and a first peripheral hole area arranged on the periphery of the first auxiliary hole area, the groove hole cuttingarea comprises nine cutting groove holes, and the nine cutting groove holes comprise five explosive holes and four empty holes; and the lower step comprises a second auxiliary hole area, a third auxiliary hole area, and a second peripheral hole area. The invention further provides a tunnel blasting construction method; the tunnel blasting construction method includes the steps that S10, the groovehole cutting area is blasted; S20, the first auxiliary hole area is blasted; S30, the first peripheral hole area is blasted; S40, the second auxiliary hole area is blasted; S50, the third auxiliary hole area is blasted; and S60, the second peripheral hole area is blasted. According to the tunnel blasting structure and the tunnel blasting construction method thereof, the influence of the structures is lowered to minimum.