The invention discloses a BS network architecture based remote calibration system and a BS network architecture based remote calibration method. The system comprises a network architecture unit, a central processing unit and a database; the network architecture unit is used for performing network connection with one or more to-be-calibrated laboratories, and performing network connection with thecentral processing unit; the network architecture unit sends calibration data and service needs of the to-be-calibrated laboratories to the central processing unit through a network according to a preset transmission mode, and feeds back control instructions and output calibration results of the central processing unit to the corresponding to-be-calibrated laboratories through the network; the central processing unit comprises a communication module and a calibration module; the communication module is used for connecting with the network architecture unit, and performing network communicationwith the one or more to-be-calibrated laboratories through the network architecture; and the calibration module is used for generating remote control instructions according to service needs, and calculating the calibration results based on a preset rule according to the calibration data.