The invention discloses a control method and device for equalization of a state of charge of an energy storage unit of a direct current power distribution system. The control method and device are suitable for the energy storage unit in the direct current power distribution system; and the method includes the following steps: in the case that the state of charge of the energy storage unit in the direct current power distribution system is unbalanced, the drooping coefficient of the energy storage unit in the direct current power distribution system is adjusted according to the state of chargeof the energy storage unit in the direct current power distribution system, and further based on the drooping coefficient, the charge and discharge power of the energy storage unit in the direct current power distribution system is adjusted. The control method and device provided by the invention can control the charge and discharge power of an energy storage system by adjustment of the drooping coefficient of the energy storage unit, and can effectively achieve rapid equalization of multiple energy storage units in the direct current power distribution system.