The invention relates to a modified composite aldehyde-free wear-resistant adhesive and a manufacturing method thereof. The raw materials of the modified composite aldehyde-free wear-resistant adhesive comprise a modified composite aldehyde-free wear-resistant emulsion, a mixed emulsion of polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol, and blocked isocyanate, wherein the raw materials of the modified composite aldehyde-free wear-resistant emulsion comprise a modified first starch emulsion and a coating reinforcing phase; the raw materials of the first starch emulsion comprise first starch, deionizedwater, a sodium hydroxide solution, propylene oxide, and a hydrochloric acid solution; and the raw materials of the coating reinforcing phase comprise a second starch emulsion, a first reinforcing phase dispersion and a second reinforcing phase dispersion. Compared with the prior art, the modified composite aldehyde-free wear-resistant adhesive according to an embodiment of the invention does notcause harm to the environment and human bodies; and the abrasion resistance of impregnated paper is obviously increased, and the material and process costs are obviously reduced.