The invention relates to an MMC valve sub-module bypass switch driving device, which comprises a charging circuit, an energy storage unit and a driving circuit. The input end of the charging circuit is connected to a power supply, and the output end of the charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit; the input end of the driving circuit is communicatively connected to a main sub-module controller and n redundant sub-module controllers, wherein n >=1, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected to a control coil of a sub-module bypass switch; the energy storage unit is in power supply connection with the driving circuit. By communicatively connecting the input end of the driving circuit with the redundant sub-module controllers, when sub-modules fail and the sub-module bypass switch action instruction sent by the main sub-module controller cannot be received, the redundant sub-module controllers can send the bypass switch action instruction and finally realize the control of sub-module bypass switches, which effectively ensures the reliable control of the sub-module bypass switches and the safe operation of the whole valve system.