The invention discloses a polyurea elastomer anti-corrosion material. The polyurea elastomer anti-corrosion material is prepared from a component A and a component B; the component A is prepared fromthe following components by weight: 100 parts of amine-terminated polyolefin, 50-150 parts of a rubber plastifier, 50-200 parts of an anti-penetrating agent, 50-200 parts of acid-resistant filler, 30-150 parts of high temperature-resistant filler, 10-40 parts of carbon black, 0.5-3 parts of a tackifier and 0.5-2 parts of an antioxidant; the B component is prepared from the following components: 100 parts of polyisocyanate, 20-100 parts of polymer polyol, 10-150 parts of a rubber plastifier and 0.1-1.0 part of a catalyst. The invention further discloses preparation and use methods of the polyurea elastomer anti-corrosion material. The polyurea elastomer anti-corrosion material bonded to rolled steel, wood and concrete well, the corrosion resistance performance is excellent, and the polyureaelastomer anti-corrosion material can be used in highly-corrosive environments of FGD stacks, petroleum, sewage, oceans and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of industrial heavy-duty corrosion prevention.