The invention discloses a smelting method of a silicon vanadium nitride alloy. The smelting method comprises the steps that vanadium pentoxide, aluminum powder, industrial silicon and scrap iron are mixed, a vanadium silicon alloy is prepared through an aluminum thermal method, and crushed into powder, and the material is pressed into a ball material with the diameter being 30-80 mm through a ballpress machine; and the vanadium silicon alloy pressed into a ball is sent into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing, heating and sintering are conducted, when the temperature reaches 800-950 DEG C, high-purity nitrogen is introduced for a nitridation reaction, after the reaction is completed, cooling is conducted, and the silicon vanadium nitride alloy is obtained. The smelting method has theadvantages that a process is simple, the nitrogen content of subsequent nitridation treatment is controlled by the dosage of the raw material scrap iron, the needs of different customers for the silicon vanadium nitride alloy can be met, limitation of raw material components is avoided, energy consumption is less, and product components are stable.