The invention discloses a lightning stroke simulation test platform for insulated wires and tree obstacles in a 10kV distribution network. The lightning stroke simulation test platform includes a lightning stroke generation device, a vegetation model and a tower model, wherein according to the practical situation, the lightning stroke generation device is arranged above the vegetation model and the tower model, and is used for generating lightning stroke impulse voltage above the tower model and/or the vegetation model; the lightning stroke generation device includes an impulse voltage generation device, a suspending device, an insulation rack and a bar electrode; the insulation rack is suspended above the tower model through the suspending device; at least two suspending holes are formedin the insulation rack, and are used for mounting the bar electrode; the high voltage end of the impulse voltage generation device is connected with the bar electrode through a wire; the discharging end of the bar electrode is arranged downward vertically; and the bar electrode is used for discharging to the tower model. The lightning stroke simulation test platform for insulated wires and tree obstacles in a 10kV distribution network can simulate the discharging situation between the insulated wires and the tree obstacles under lightning stroke impact, and is conductive to improvement of accuracy and reliability of the theoretical basis for safety protection of the distribution network.