The invention discloses an image acquisition-based road traffic diversion guidance system. The system comprises a management server, a storage database, a plurality of image acquisition terminals, a preprocessing module, a vehicle-mounted terminal and a traffic flow statistics module; the preprocessing module is connected with the plurality of image acquisition terminals and the storage database;and the management server is connected with the storage database, the pre-processing module, the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the traffic flow statistics module. With the image acquisition-based roadtraffic diversion guidance system of the invention, the congestion situation of each line can be put into statistics, so that drivers can understand current traffic situations; traffic diversion canbe effectively guided, so that traffic congestion can be avoided; further congestion of roads can be alleviated; the convenience of transportation can be improved; and the driving time of the driverscan be greatly reduced.