The invention provides a test method and a test device for testing distribution of electrolyte in a vanadium battery stack, and the main technical solution is that the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the pressure difference at different positions on the current collecting plates or the pressure difference at corresponding positions on different current collecting plates by respectively installing several force sensitive sensors on current collecting plates of single batteries or corresponding current collecting plates in single batteries connected in series in the stack, and determining the distribution of electrolyte on the current collecting plates of the single batteries, at both sides of the ion exchange membrane of the single batteries or in the single batteries in multistage serial connection in the stack according to the pressure difference, which realizes real-time on-line detection of the distribution of electrolyte for the liquid flow battery stack in variousapplication processes, provides verification means for the design of the liquid flow battery stack, provides an early warning signal for the safe operation of the liquid flow battery stack, and provides reliable evaluation indicators and reference basis for the operation and maintenance of the liquid flow battery stack.