The invention provides a building blasting vibration damage evaluation method based on high-speed photogrammetry. The method comprises the following steps that S1, a high-speed photography instrumentis arranged to shoot each part of a building, vibration sensors are arranged in the positions which cannot be shot, and meanwhile vibration data acquisition is carried out; S2, fragile or defective parts of the building structure are determined based on the vibration data, a mark point is selected at each of the fragile or defective parts, moreover, a plurality of mark points are correspondingly selected at all integral structure parts of the building, and then key tracking and shooting are carried out on all the mark points; S3, the vibration frequency of each vibration sensor arrangement position and the vibration frequency of each mark point in the building are obtained through calculation; S4, characteristic values of all the integral structure parts as the characteristic vibration frequencies of the structure; S5, each characteristic vibration frequency and the vibration frequency of each fragile or defective part are correspondingly multiplied by the corresponding proportion coefficients, and then summing is carried out to obtain the effective vibration frequency; and S6, vibration damage evaluation is carried out by utilizing the effective vibration frequency.