The invention provides a thermorunaway-preventing lithium ion battery module which comprises a box body, a module body arranged in the box body, heat conducting structures and flame-retardant structures, wherein the module body comprises a plurality of parallel battery packs composed of a plurality of lithium ion batteries, the heat conducting structures arranged among the lithium ion batteries inthe parallel battery packs are used for conducting heat diffused by the lithium ion batteries out of the box body; and the flame-retardant structures are arranged out of the parallel battery packs for flame retardance of the parallel battery packs. Heat diffused by the lithium ion batteries is transferred out of the box body through the heat conducting structures, so that heat diffused by the lithium ion batteries are conducted quickly, the heat-dissipating performance of the lithium ion battery module is improved, and thermorunaway of the lithium ion battery module is avoided. Flame retardance to the parallel battery packs is carried out by the flame-retardant structures, so that the parallel battery packs are isolated conveniently for heat isolation and flame retardance among the parallel battery packs so as to further prevent thermorunaway and explosion of the batteries, and therefore, accidents are avoided.