The invention discloses a detection method of a conveyor-belt-type pipeline-used communication module. The method comprises: adopting a flexible conveying line body to complete conveying of the communication module, grabbing the communication module to send the same to the flexible conveying line body through a mechanical arm, and completing appearance detection on the communication module by a first detection device; and docking the communication module and a second detection device by a docking mechanism, and completing function detection on the communication module by a second detection device. The invention provides the detection method, a detection system and the detection devices of the conveyor-belt-type pipeline-used communication module, efficiency and an automation degree of detection of the communication module are greatly improved, a false detection rate and an error detection rate of the communication module are reduced, module detection quality is improved, and detectionconsistency of the communication module is guaranteed.