The invention discloses an intelligent control system and control method for the cleaning of a solar photovoltaic panel, and belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaics. The system is composed of a meteorological data module, a data acquisition module, a monitoring unit, a robot workstation and an inspection cleaning robot. The monitoring unit is used for collecting and recording a powergeneration current and the real-time meteorological data of a power plant and comparing the power generation current and the real-time meteorological data with a normal power generation efficiency attenuation model built in the system to obtain a real state that the accumulated dust affects the power generation efficiency. Through comparing the optimal cost operation data, an optimized scheme forcleaning the photovoltaic array is obtained, and the automatic cleaning robot is controlled to automatically clean the photovoltaic panel. Compared with the prior art, the system can automatically recognize local pollution of the photovoltaic panel and automatically clean he local pollution, can effectively prolong the overall cleaning period of a solar power plant, reduces the overall cleaning frequency, prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic panel, reduces the operation cost, optimizes the cleaning period, and achieves the optimization of the power generation efficiency and the operation cost.