The invention relates to the field of the Internet, and in particular relates to an overload protection method and device, a computer readable storage medium and a server. The method comprises the steps of counting the quantity of abnormal data request response state codes received within a first unit period; judging whether the quantity of the abnormal data request response state codes received within the first unit period is more than an overload threshold; if yes, within the first unit period, when a data request of a data requester is received again, feeding a preset processing message back to the data requester; within a second unit period, counting the quantity of the abnormal data request response state codes received within the second unit period; and judging whether the quantity of the abnormal data request response state codes received within the second unit period is more than the overload threshold, and if no, responding to the data request according to a preset business process within the second unit period, when the data request of the data requester is received again.