The invention discloses a rotary-cylinder-type sprout planting device. The rotary-cylinder-type sprout planting device comprises a planting box and a cutting device. The planting box comprises a base,a rotary cylinder and a growth lamp, the rotary cylinder is divided into an upper semi-shell and a lower semi-shell, the right ends of the two semi-shells are hinged to each other, and the left endsof the two semi-shells are fixedly connected through a fixing device; the rotary cylinder is internally provided with a mesh plate which becomes circular after being bent, the mesh plate becomes horizontal after being unfolded, and a seed fixing layer is arranged in a sandwich layer between the rotary cylinder and the mesh plate; the growth lamp is located at the axis of the rotary cylinder; the cutting device comprises an annular cutter, a supporting shelf and a driving motor. The rotary-cylinder-type sprout planting device is small in occupied area, high in yield and capable of automaticallyrotating and putting a nutritional solution, harvesting is convenient, and the planting device is convenient to carry and has the functions of shading and lighting.