The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering production, in particular to a refining method of xylose in hemicellulose hydrolysate. The method comprises the following steps of(1) removing impurities from the hemicellulose hydrolysate; feeding the hemicellulose hydrolysate into an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain transmission liquid; (2) separating the transmission liquidby the nanofiltration membrane; remaining sulfuric acid into concentrated liquid, wherein the transmission liquid contains acetic acid and xylose; (3) performing electrodialysis separation on aceticacid and xylose water solution; (4) directly using the xylose water solution for furfural production; (5) performing extraction and rectification on the acetic acid by solvents to obtain acetic acid with the concentration being 98.5 percent. The method has the advantages that the operation is simple; the obtained xylose water solution can be directly used for the furfural production; the acetic acid with the mass concentration being about 20 percent can be obtained; a solvent extraction rectification device is used for extraction separation to obtain the acetic acid with the mass concentrationbeing 98.5 percent. In the process, the separated sulfuric acid returns to the hydrolysis work procedure to be continuously used; active ingredients are recovered and reused; the production cost is reduced.