The invention discloses a coal and gaseous hydrocarbon coupled gasification method capable of regulating a hydrogen-carbon ratio of a synthetic gas. The method is performed by two modes: the mode A: simultaneously feeding coal, gaseous hydrocarbon and oxygen from a multi-channel gasification nozzle at the top of a gasifier and performing a gasification reaction; or the mode B: feeding a mixed material of the coal and the oxygen from the multi-channel gasification nozzle at the top of the gasifier, and feeding a mixed material of the gaseous hydrocarbon and the oxygen from the multi-channel gasification nozzle at the side face of the gasifier, and simultaneously performing the gasification reaction. The method is capable of simultaneously introducing the coal, the gaseous hydrocarbon and the oxygen into the gasifier for performing the coupled gasification reaction, and reinforcing a fogging degree of the material, thereby forming a more suitable flow field in the gasifier, prolonging standing time of the material, and improving a degree of the gasification reaction, through controlling an addition proportion of the coal and the gaseous hydrocarbon on the other hand, thereby effectively regulating the hydrogen-carbon ratio of the product synthetic gas, realizing carbon-hydrogen complementation and energy complementation, saving system energy consumption, and effectively reducingrunning cost of a device.