The invention discloses a pipeline protection structure of road construction, and a mounting method thereof. The structure comprises a pair of bases, and arched support plates arranged on the bases; mounting blocks are arranged at two ends of each support plate, support blocks propped against sidewalls of the mounting blocks are arranged on upper end surfaces of mutually departed sides of the bases; limiting holes penetrate sidewalls of two ends of the pair of bases, and limiting rods are inserted into the limiting holes in a slippage manner; base plates propped against the bases are arrangedat mutually close ends of the limiting rods, and an extension spring is arranged between a pair of base plates; two ends of each limiting rod are in threaded connection with nuts for pressing the outer sidewalls of the bases; the structure further comprises protective jacket, a pair of pull rods are hinged on the sidewall of the protective jacket, and the lower end of the pair of pull rods are hinged to upper end surfaces of the pair of bases. The pipeline protection structure disclosed by the invention comprises the advantage that the pipeline can be prevented from being damaged by arrangingthe support plates and the protective jacket to protect the pipeline; the protective jacket and the pipeline are supported by the pull rods, thereby preventing the pipeline from being soaked and corroded by the rainwater, and the pipeline damage is reduced.