The invention relates to the technical field of distributed storage, and provides a storage space deployment method and device, and the method comprises the steps: loading a pre-created virtual data optimizer VDO module to an operation system kernel of a storage node; R; reading configuration parameters of the to-be-created VDO volume from a pre-created first configuration file, the configurationparameters comprising the name of the to-be-created VDO volume, the name of the block device and a preset path; and deploying the VDO volume on the block equipment through a VDO creation command provided by the VDO module based on the name of the VDO volume, the name of the block equipment and a preset path, so that the data written into the VDO volume is re-deleted and compressed and then storedin the block equipment. Compared with the prior art, when the distributed storage system is deployed, the VDO module is introduced, and the problem that repeated user data in multiple IO streams cannot be effectively compressed is solved, so that the utilization rate of the storage space is greatly improved.