The invention discloses an MMC topology with DC short circuit fault current blocking ability, which relates to the technical field of modular multi-level converter. The topology consists of a new upper arm module, a reactance and absorption branch of the bridge arm, and a new lower arm module. The new modules of the upper and lower bridge arms in each phase are composed of n new submodules connected in series. Each new submodule outputs 0 or Uc voltages. The switches of the new submodules are all full-control devices IGBT, and the switches of the bridge arm reactance and absorption branch arebidirectional thyristors. In the event of a DC short circuit fault, the back-voltage control strategy is adopted to control the turn-on and turn-off of the third switch transistor in each new type sub-module, fast and effective blocking of AC system feed current is realized. At the same time, the bridge arm reactance and the absorption circuit absorbs the residual energy of the bridge arm reactorand the DC side current limiting reactor, and remarkably reduces the voltage stress of the DC side current limiting reactor and the bridge arm reactor, thus avoiding the overvoltage damage of the bridge arm reactor and the DC side current limiting reactor, and ensuring the safe operation of the device of the converter station.