The invention aims at providing a method for controlling floor heaving by arranging pressure relief roadways along top roadways and bottom plates. The method includes the following steps that the widths between mining roadways and goaf coal pillars and the positions of the pressure relief roadways in the coal pillars are determined; the mining roadways on the two sides of a coal face are arranged,rectangular sections are adopted for the mining roadways, and tunneling is carried out along a coal seam roof; anchor cables are drilled into the bottom corners of the two sides of the mining roadways and the centers of the bottom plates, and the anchor cables are drilled into the stable regions of roadway bottom plate coal seams; grouting anchor rods are drilled by being vertical to the bottom plates of the mining roadways, and the anchor rods are drilled into the stable regions of the bottom plate coal seams; the pressure relief roadways are arranged along the coal seam bottom plates, and the floor heaving deformation of the portions, adjacent to the pressure relief roadways, of the mining roadways is reduced. Prevention and control of floor heaving of the roadways along gob can be effectively treated, the stability of the roadways is improved, and the coal mining rate of the working face is guaranteed.