The invention relates to a chain cover scattered accessory assembly detection method and device. The method comprises the following steps: driving an assembly clamping jaw to clamp a chain cover to beassembled; judging whether a currently-taken scattered accessory is correct or not, and if the scattered accessory is correct, then driving an assembling tool to assemble the scattered accessory to obtain the chain cover to be detected; and controlling a detection mechanism to perform error-proof detection and blockage detection on the chain cover to be detected. According to the chain cover scattered accessory assembly detection method provided by the invention, the chain cover to be assembled is clamped by the assembly clamping jaw to fixed a product; a reclaiming detection sensor is used for detecting whether a reclaiming action exists, so as to solve the problem of sequential assembly errors when assembling the chain cover; the automatic assembly of the scattered accessory is completed through the assembling tool; the error-proof detection and blockage detection are performed on the chain cover to be detected through the detection mechanism, so that the problems of assembly sequence error-proof, similar components error-proof and blockage and so on can be solved by using a set of logic programs and mechanical components, the manufacturing risk and outflow risk of non-conforming products are reduced, and the cost and time are saved.