The invention discloses a software testing method based on a data simulation system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the target data of each hardware device corresponding to each piece of to-be-tested software in advance, and storing the target data in a database; When the corresponding software is tested, directly reading first target data required for testing the target to-be-tested software from the database, and then generating a corresponding test case according to the obtained first target data to test the target to-be-tested software; Wherein the target data comprises thefirst target data, and the to-be-tested software comprises the target to-be-tested software. According to the method, the acquired relevant hardware equipment data can be stored in the database in advance, and then the established data model is directly called from the database during software testing, so that the data transmission time and the testing frequency between software and hardware are reduced, and the software testing efficiency and the testing quality are further improved. In addition, the invention further discloses a software testing device based on the data simulation system anda storage medium, and the effects are shown above.