The invention provides an efficient air epidemic preventing and ventilating animal colony house and a method. The animal colony house comprises a colony house body. A plurality of ventilating partitions are arranged in the colony house body. Each ventilating partition at least comprises a breeding partition, a positive pressure air inlet partition and a negative pressure exhaust area, wherein thepositive pressure air inlet partition is configured to convey the purified air to the breeding partition and the air pressure of the positive pressure air inlet partition is higher than that of the breeding partition; and the negative pressure exhaust area is configured to exhausting air in the breeding partition, and the air pressure of the negative pressure exhaust area is lower than that of thebreeding partition. Clean air can be formed actively to move from the high pressure area to the low pressure air to promote ventilate, prevent the uncleaned air from leaking into the colony house from a rejected part of the colony house building structure so as to prevent water and various corrosive gas from damaging the building structure of the animal colony house. Air exhaust from the breedingpartition cannot reflux, so that the air clean degree in the breeding partition can be improved obviously. The colony house is safe and free of leakage, temperature regulation of a negative air cooling effect is achieved by low energy consumption, and healthy growth of animals is improved favorably.