The invention relates to a drill pipe loading and unloading apparatus for construction of a coal mine underground drill rig. The drill pipe loading and unloading apparatus for the construction of thecoal mine underground drill rig comprises a positioning base, a guide mechanism, a locking mechanism, a driving mechanism and an electric controller, wherein the guide mechanism comprises a positioning plate fixedly connected with the positioning base, the positioning plate is provided with a corresponding guide bearing, the locking mechanism comprises at least three locking strip plates which canbe movably connected with the positioning plate, the outer end of the inner side of each locking strip plate is respectively detachably provided with corresponding locking teeth, the outer side of each locking strip plate is respectively obliquely arranged upwards, the driving mechanism comprises a locking annular plate, the outer side of each locking strip plate is respectively clamped in one T-shaped clamping groove of the locking annular plate, and the locking annular plate is driven by a corresponding stretchable driving mechanism; and the outer end part of each locking strip plate is provided with a corresponding touch switch above the locking teeth. The drill pipe loading and unloading apparatus for the construction of the coal mine underground drill rig is simple in structure and small in integral space occupation; and moreover, the locking of the locking strip plates and the locking teeth for a drill pipe is not easy to fail.