The embodiments of the present invention provide a polyethylene film having a thermal insulation layer. The polyethylene film comprises a welding layer, a bearing layer positioned on the welding layer, a barrier layer positioned on the bearing layer, a thermal insulation layer positioned on the barrier layer, and a weathering-resistant layer positioned on the thermal insulation layer. According tothe present invention, the thermal insulation layer containing the metal particles is added to the polyethylene film for aerostats, and by using the scattering and blocking effects of the added metalparticles, most of the light generates diffuse reflection or block after the incident light passes through the processed molded film, such that the temperature increase of the material can be effectively avoided, and the temperature difference in the aerostat can be reduced; and through the added layer, the candidate range of the raw materials for aerostats can be further expanded. The present invention further provides an aerostat.