The invention provides a core pulling process for a floating-head heat exchanger. The core pulling process for the floating-head heat exchanger comprises the following steps: arranging a support; arranging a support base at the top of the support; arranging a plurality of rail beams, and arranging a first hoist and a second hoist on each rail beam; arranging a winch, a first upper fixed pulley anda first lower fixed pulley, and connecting a steel wire rope of the winch to a core body of a first heat exchanger; starting the winch, enabling the core body to remove out of a shell body of the first heat exchanger, and then synchronously placing the core body of the first heat exchanger at a specific position of the ground by virtue of the first hoist and the second hoist; arranging a second upper fixed pulley and a second lower fixed pulley, and connecting the steel wire rope of the winch to a core body of a second heat exchanger; and starting the winch, enabling the core body to remove out of a shell body of the second heat exchanger, and then placing the core body of the second heat exchanger at a specific position of the ground. According to the core pulling process for the floating-head heat exchanger, the use expense for a large crane machine team is lowered; the construction process is optimized, the construction time is shortened, and the labor efficiency of overhaul working is increased; and the overhaul cost and expense are saved.