The invention provides a preparation method of a low-temperature-resistant inorganic diaphragm type lithium ion battery, a battery cell and the lithium ion battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps that ceramic powder is selected, a binder and a dispersant solution are prepared, after the three substances are mixed at a certain mass ratio, slurry is formed, the two surfaces ofa battery pole piece are coated with the slurry according to a preset coating condition, after coating, rolling-up and piece cutting are conducted to obtain a composite electrode piece, then the composite electrode piece, a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece are assembled, and thus the battery cell is prepared; and the battery cell is wrapped, fixed, packaged and filled with an electrolyte to prepare the lithium ion battery. The cross-linked three-dimensional network binder is used for the preparation process of a ceramic diaphragm, and then the cross-linked binder is selected to prepare an inorganic diaphragm; and the inorganic diaphragm and the electrode piece are assembled into the lithium ion battery, and the lithium ion battery has good low-temperature performance and can maintain good electrochemical performance at the low temperature.