The invention relates to the technical field of book management, in particular to an automatic book management robot and an automatic book management system. The auomatic book management robot comprises a base, a temporary storage bookshelf, a manipulator and an advancing system, wherein the temporary storage bookshelf and the manipulator are installed on the base, and the advancing system is arranged at the bottom of the base. According to the automatic book management robot, automatic book taking can be realized through the manipulator, and then automatic shelving and off-shelving of books are achieved; and the automatic book management robot can be used for temporarily storing a part of the books through the temporary storage bookshelf, so that book taking, transportation and book returning in a bathed mode are realized, then simultaneous borrowing of a large number of books is met, and time and labor are saved. The automatic book management system comprises the automatic book management robot and a book checking system so that all-weather work can be truly achieved, and autonomy and randomness requirements of information acquisition of readers can be met.