The invention discloses a filter capsule with functions of reducing damage and enhancing aroma through own substances of tobaccos and a preparation method of the filter capsule. The cigarette filter capsule comprises outer coated film and a core liquid wrapped by the outer coated film; the core liquid comprises squalene, essence and an organic solvent. The preparation method of the cigarette filter capsule comprises the steps that step 1, an outer coated film stock solution and the core liquid are prepared, the outer coated film stock solution comprises a glue material and water, and the coreliquid comprises the squalene, the essence and the organic solvent; step 2, the cigarette filter capsule is prepared by using the outer coated film stock solution and the core liquid, the outer coatedfilm stock solution forms the outer coated film of the cigarette filter capsule, and the core liquid forms the core liquid of the cigarette filter capsule. The filter capsule has the advantages thatthe squalene is added in the core liquid, so that the cigarette filter capsule not only has the function of enhancing aroma, but also has the function of eliminating hazardous substances in cigarettes; the squalene is a compound extracted from the tobaccos, therefore, the filter capsule plays a role of reducing the damage by using the own substances of the tobaccos.