The invention relates to the technical field of composite conductive materials, in particular to a preparation method of a polyurethane/carboxymethyl chitosan/polyaniline conductive film. The preparation method comprises the steps: firstly, mixing a polyurethane water dispersion solution, a chitosan solution and a polyaziridine cross-linking agent solution, dipping a film into an acidic solution containing an aniline monomer for curing after film coating, adding an acidic solution containing an oxidizing agent into a coagulation bath after formation, enabling aniline to produce polymerizationreaction so as to generate polyaniline, and finally obtaining the polyurethane/carboxymethyl chitosan/polyaniline composite conductive film, wherein the prepared polyaniline not only grows on the surface of PU, but also grows and polymerizes in the interior so that the formed polyaniline film can not only cover the surface of the PU matrix film, but also penetrate into the film, the effective adsorption of polyaniline is really completed, and the composite material has excellent conductivity. Compared with an existing method for preparing the polyurethane composite conductive film, the methodhas the advantages that the preparation process conditions are easy to achieve, and the conductive property of the composite material is excellent.