The invention provides an extended feedback measurement device for multi-bit superconducting quantum bits, which comprises a measurement signal generation module for generating a plurality of paths ofinput signals and a plurality of paths of local oscillation signals, and combining the input signals and the local oscillation signals after one-to-one corresponding frequency mixing to generate microwave reading signals to be input into a quantum chip; The signal demodulation module divides an output signal of the quantum chip into a corresponding number of branch signals and then demodulates the branch signals into independent microwave radio frequency signals through filtering, and the microwave radio frequency signals and local oscillation signals are mixed and demodulated into baseband signals in a one-to-one correspondence mode. And the feedback module converts the baseband signals into digital signals respectively, performs conversion integral operation on the digital signals, outputs feedback signals and corrects the quantum bit control signals according to the feedback signals. Based on multi-local-oscillator frequency division multiplexing and quantum feedback control and measurement, the defects that reading expansibility is difficult and cost is high are effectively overcome, meanwhile, a feedback module is used for achieving correction of a control signal source, theaccuracy of a quantum calculation result is improved, and then fault-tolerant quantum calculation is achieved.