The invention relates to a speed coupling control system and method capable of performing radius and eccentricity compensation. The system comprises a numerical control system, a swing arm system anda radius measuring system, wherein the swing arm system and the radius measuring system are connected with the numerical control system; the method comprises the following steps of feeding three sensor positions measured in real time into a numerical control system by the radius measuring system; obtaining the actual mandrel radius by the numerical control system according to the positions of thethree sensors; obtaining an eccentric value between the axis of the mandrel and the center of the radius measuring system according to the structure of the radius measuring system; and compensating the horizontal movement speed of the swing arm system according to the actual mandrel radius, compensating the radius of the winding mandrel of the swing arm system according to the eccentric value so as to realize speed coupling control. According to the system and method, the actual production efficiency can be greatly improved, original manual operation and semi-automatic operation of a device isimproved into full-automatic operation, so that the precision is improved, and meanwhile, the product quality is improved.