The invention discloses an oxygen-enriched combustion system and technology for sulfur recycling of a coal chemical industry. The system comprises a combustor, a main combustion furnace and a residualheat boiler, which are connected in sequence, wherein the combustor is connected with an outlet of an oxygen-enriched air pre-heater; an inlet of the oxygen-enriched air pre-heater is connected withan oxygen gas pipeline and an air pipeline respectively; the combustor is connected with an acidic gas pipeline; the combustor is connected with an ignition control system. According to the oxygen-enriched combustion system and technology, raw acidic gas containing ammonia, which enters a sulfur recycling system, is subjected to high-temperature oxygen-enriched incineration and is converted into nitrogen gas; the residual concentration of NH3 is less than 1mg/Nm<3> and meets subsequent technical requirements; the content of nitrogen oxide generated by the incineration is less than 100mg/Nm<3>and meets the technical requirements; meanwhile, flue gas emission control requirements of environment protection are also met and the content of residual H2S is less than 5mg/Nm<3>, so that the requirements of a subsequent sulfur recycling technology are met. An oxygen-enriched technology is adopted and the amount of incineration flue gas can be effectively reduced, so that the amount of technical gas is effectively reduced.