The invention provides a starting system and method of a mining intrinsic safety type DTS system, a pulse light source and an APD module, and the system comprises a digital temperature sensor which isarranged in the pulse light source and is used for detecting the actual temperature of the environment where the pulse light source is located in real time; and a single chip microcomputer which is connected with a laser through a bidirectional temperature control unit, and is used for setting the target working temperature of the laser in a layered progressive mode according to the actual temperature of the environment where the pulse light source is located and the set working temperature of the laser, so that the target working temperature of the laser gradually approaches a set value until the final working temperature of the laser reaches the set working temperature. According to the invention, the starting impact current is greatly reduced, so that the intrinsic safety power supplystarting pulse light source and the APD module are feasible.