The invention discloses an embedded column base joint with structural steel short beams and a construction method thereof. A plurality of structural steel short beams are vertically connected around acolumn body, each structural steel short steel is vertically penetrated with a plurality of anchor bolts, a column base plate is installed below the column body, and the periphery of the column baseplate is vertically penetrated with the anchor bolts. The construction method comprises the steps that firstly the preparation of the column body is finished, then the column base plate and a column base stiffening rib are welded to the bottom of the column body, the structural steel short beams are connected with the column body through connecting plates, a plurality of beam-end anchor bolts anda beam-end stiffening rib are arranged on the structural steel short beams, a shear connector is welded on the outer surface of the column body, a finished structure is transported to the constructionsite, after the structure is installed in the position, steel bars are laid, and concrete is poured into the structure. The problems that in an existing embedded column base joint, the depth of embedding is large, the punching resistance and bending resistance are poor, and the construction is complex are solved. The punching shear area of a concrete bottom beam is enlarged, the punching shear bearing capacity of the column base joint is improved, meanwhile more bending moments are transmitted by the structural steel short beams and the anchor bolts, and the construction difficulty is lowered.