The invention discloses a high-performance porous carbon-tin oxide monodisperse compound sphere anode material and a preparation method thereof, and application of a high-performance porous carbon-tinoxide monodisperse compound sphere anode material. P123, monodisperse SiO2 and SnCl2 are added into an aqueous solution of a pyrrole or aniline monomer for ice-bath magnetic stirring, then an ammonium persulfate aqueous solution is added into the mixture solution to initiate a copolymerization reaction, and finally, the mixture solution is subjected to high-temperature treatment in one step to prepare a spherical composite carbon-tin oxide structure composite material having a monodisperse characteristic and rich oxygen vacancy structures. According to the characteristics of the lithium battery anode material charge-discharge cycles, a carbon layer and tin oxide blended composite spheric structure is designed which basically and uniformly shows monodispersity to facilitate elimination ofthe polarization of the electrode material, and the uniform composition of the tine oxide and carbon materials is beneficial to decrease or reduce the volume effect of the electrode material, and arecombined with the rich oxygen vacancies and the uniform porous structure to effectively improve the electrochemical properties of the electrode material.