The invention discloses a high and low voltage power distribution cabinet structure which comprises a cabinet body. A base is arranged at the bottom of the cabinet body; an electrical mounting cavityis formed inside the cabinet body; the top of the cabinet body is open; the open end of the top is sealed up by a top cover; more than one heat dissipation rods are arranged side by side at the bottomof the top cover; the heat dissipation rods are arranged side by side at an equal interval; a heat dissipation passage of which both ends are open is formed inside each heat dissipation rod; more than one heat dissipation rod is tiled to form a mounting face; a mounting plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of each heat dissipation rod; an electrical module is mounted at the bottom of each mounting plate; and a line is led out of the bottom of each electrical module and extends out of the bottom of the cabinet body. The power distribution cabinet structure disclosed by the invention has very good lateral surface impact resistance and lateral surface air deflection capacity, can protect both sides of the integral cabinet body and lead air flow into the cabinet body, can simultaneously implement heat dissipation of both the upper and lower ends of the electrical modules, and has very good heat dissipation.